科研动态

自2019年12月新型冠状病毒肺炎（coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19）暴发以来，世界各国相继出现了大量新型冠状病毒（severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，SARS-CoV-2）感染病例。SARS-CoV-2对全球公共卫生安全造成了巨大威胁。疫情发生以来，相关科研人员从SARS-CoV-2的病原学特点、流行病学特征、病原学检测、治疗与愈后症状等方面进行了研究。本文对上述几个方面的研究成果进行了汇总。研究发现：SARS-CoV-2以其遗传多样性和重组频繁的特点不断产生变异体，以更大的传播力感染人群；目前已知的2种传染途径为跨物种传播和人际传播，其中飞沫传播和接触传播是人际传播的主要传播途径；感染人群遍布各个年龄段，其中患有慢性疾病的老年人更容易发展成危重病人；临床检测时联合核酸和抗原抗体检测，将有助于提高SARS-CoV-2感染的检出率并排除其他冠状病毒感染的可能性；目前尚未有治疗COVID-19的特效药物，临床上广泛使用广谱抗病毒药物或中药来治疗各种症状；全球各国正在加紧研发SARS-CoV-2疫苗，部分疫苗已进入临床试验阶段。本文有助于全面了解SARS-CoV-2的研究状况，也为其后续研究及防治提供了参考。

Research Progress on SARS-CoV-2

A large number of cases infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2（SARS-CoV-2）have appeared in many countries since December 2019 when the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19）occurred，which has posed huge threat to global public health. SARS-CoV-2 has been studied by relevant researchers based on its etiology，epidemiological characteristics，etiology detection，therapy and prognosis since the outbreak，and the research results were summarized in this paper as follows：variants had been produced by SARS-CoV-2 due to its genetic diversity and frequent recombination，which had infected an increasing number of people with stronger transmission；two pathways including cross-species and interpersonal transmission had been known at present，in which，the main pathways of interpersonal transmission included droplet and contact transmission；people at all ages might be infected，especially the elderly with chronic diseases were more likely to become critical patients；the detection rate might be improved by the combination of detection of nucleic acid and antigen antibody that could eliminate the possibility of other coronavirus infection；no effective drugs for COVID-19 had been available at present，instead，broad-spectrum antiviral drugs or traditional Chinese medicine were widely used in clinical practice；the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 had been sped up by all countries，and some vaccines had been at clinical trial stage. The status of development of SARS-CoV-2 were summarized in this paper，which also provided some references for future study and control of it.

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