科研动态

戊型肝炎（hepatitis E，HE）是由戊型肝炎病毒（hepatitis E virus，HEV）引起的一种病毒性人兽共患传染病。自1997年在美国首次从家猪体内发现HEV以来，已确定该病毒能够感染人类以及猪、鹿、兔、骆驼、大鼠等多种动物。HEV通常会导致肝衰竭、慢性肝炎以及肝外神经和肾脏疾病。该病主要通过粪口途径传播，也可以通过血液传播。据估计，全球每年约有2 000万人感染HEV，年轻人病死率为0.5%~3.0%，而孕妇感染后死亡率可高达30%，因此HEV对公共卫生安全构成了巨大的威胁。本文主要对HEV的病原学、流行病学、诊断、防控等方面的研究情况进行综述，旨在进一步提高相关从业人员等对本病的认识，以便做好研究和防控应对工作。

Introduction to the Studies on Hepatitis E

Hepatitis E（HE）is a viral zoonosis caused by infection with hepatitis E virus（HEV）. Since 1997，when HEV was firstly detected from domestic pigs in the United States，it has been confirmed that human，pigs，deer，rabbits，camels，rats and other animals could be infected with the virus. HEV usually leads to liver failure，chronic hepatitis and extrahepatic nerve and kidney diseases. The disease is mainly transmitted through fecal-oral route in addition to blood. It is estimated that about 20 million people are infected with HEV every year in the world，with a mortality of 0.5% to 3.0% in young people，and up to 30% in pregnant women with infection，posing a great threat to public health safety. In the paper，the studies on the etiology，epidemiology，diagnosis，prevention and control of HEV were summarized，with a view to further improving the awareness of relevant practitioners to make them better research or respond to future outbreak.  

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