科研动态

为掌握云南省边境地区牛群中的阿卡斑病毒（Akabane virus，AKAV）流行情况和分布特征，采用竞争ELISA检测方法，对2019—2020年采自云南省边境地区10个县市的牛群血清样品进行AKAV抗体检测与分析。结果显示：在采集的4 437份牛血清样品中，检出抗体阳性样品1 367份，平均抗体阳性率为30.81%；2019年抗体阳性率为27.88%，2020年为32.14%，差异不显著（P＞0.05）；入境牛抗体阳性率显著高于本地牛（P＜0.05）；养殖场抗体阳性率略高于散养户和交易市场，但三者间差异不显著（P＞0.05）；舍饲牛群的抗体阳性率显著高于半放牧半舍饲和系牧饲养（P＜0.05），黄牛的抗体阳性率明显高于水牛（P＜0.05）。结果表明，云南省边境地区存在一定程度的AKAV感染且有加重趋势，入境牛感染风险较高，需持续开展血清学调查和监测，加强境外牛的检疫和移动控制，降低AKAV向内地扩散的风险。本研究摸清了云南省边境地区牛群中的AKAV流行本底，为今后该病毒流行控制策略的研究与制定提供了参考。

Serological Investigation on Akabane Virus in Border Areas of Yunnan Provience

In order to investigate the prevalence and distribution of Akabane virus in cattle in border areas of Yunnan Province，the serum samples of cattle were collected from 10 counties/cities in the border areas from 2019 to 2020 for antibody detection by using competitive ELISA. The results showed that 1 367 out of 4 437 samples were positive，with an average positive rate of 30.81%，which tended to increase year by year；the positive rate was significantly higher in imported cattle compared to that in local cattle（P＜0.05）；slightly higher in farms compared to that in free-range households and trading markets with no signifcant difference between them（P＞0.05）；significantly higher in house-fed cattle compared to that in semi-house-fed and grazing ones（P＜0.05），significantly higher in yellow cattle compared to that of buffalo（P＜0.05）. In conclusion，to some extent，the Akabane virus was increasingly spread in the border areas of Yunnan Province，especially in imported cattle，which calls for the conduction of serological investigation and monitoring，strengthen the quarantine and movement control of imported cattle in order to reduce any risk of virus spreading to the mainland. The prevalence situation of the Akabane virus in cattle in the border areas of Yunnan Provience were identified in the paper，which provided a reference for future considerations and development of relevant control strategies.

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