科研动态

近年来水产养殖中的常用药物恩诺沙星在鲫中的残留问题比较突出，但目前国家未对其在鲫中的休药期作出明确规定。为做到鲫养殖中科学合理使用恩诺沙星，在12~15 ℃水温条件下，以60 mg/kg.b.w.剂量，对体质量为（250±10）g的健康方正银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio）灌服恩诺沙星；在灌服后0~120 d内不间断采样，用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪检测，研究恩诺沙星及其代谢产物环丙沙星在方正银鲫鳃、血浆、肌肉、皮肤、肝脏和肾脏中的代谢及消除规律，从而为恩诺沙星在方正银鲫中的休药期制定提供参考。结果显示：灌药后，恩诺沙星在方正银鲫血浆、肌肉、肝脏、鳃、肾脏和皮肤中的达峰时间tmax分别为9、18、24、24、48和48 h，肾脏、肝脏、肌肉、血浆、鳃和皮肤中的达峰浓度cmax分别为30.490、21.372、18.715、16.636、15.157和11.663mg/kg；皮肤中的消除半衰期t1/2β最大，为338.2 h，血浆中最小，为93.303 h；代谢产物环丙沙星的代谢及消除趋势与恩诺沙星大致相同，血浆中达峰值产生最早，tmax为18 h，肾脏中的峰浓度最大，cmax为547.26 μg/kg。结果表明，方正银鲫以单次口灌60 mg/kg.b.w.剂量恩诺沙星，皮肤和肌肉中的恩诺沙星和环丙沙星总量需要1200度日才能满足限量要求。本研究为恩诺沙星在鲫鱼养殖中的科学使用提供了数据支撑。

Establishmentof a Real-time RPA Method for Rapid Detection of Lymphocytic ChoriomeningitisVirus

Inrecent years，the residues of Enrofloxacin that has been commonly used inaquaculture have become more serious in Carassius auratus gibelio，however，no any clear regulation on itswithdrawal period has been developed by the state. In order to scientificallyuse the Enrofloxacin in carp breeding，the followingexperiment was carried out. Healthy Carassius auratus gibelio with body mass of（250±10）g was fedwith Enrofloxacin at a dose of 60 mg/kg.b.w. under the water temperature of 12to 15 ℃，and then incessantly sampled within 0 to 120 dto test by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS），hence the metabolism mechanism wasstudied，as well as the elimination rule of Enrofloxacinand its metabolite（Ciprofloxacin）in gill，plasma，muscle，skin，liver and kidney，which could provide some references for defining its withdrawalperiod. The results showed that，after administration，the peak time（tmax）ofEnrofloxacin in plasma，muscle，liver，gill，kidney and skin was 9，18，24，24，48 and 48 h，respectively and the peakconcentration（cmax）was 16.636，18.715，21.372，15.157，30.490 and 11.663 mg/kg，respectively. Theelimination half-life（t1/2β）inskin was the maximum，which was 338.2 h，and in plasma it was the minimum（93.303 h）. The metabolism and elimination trend of Ciprofloxacin was similarto that of Enrofloxacin，specially，the peak value first appeared in plasma with tmax of 18 h，and the peak concentration reached the maximum in kidney with cmaxof 547.26 μg/kg. Therefore，aconclusion was given that it would take more than 1 200 degree-days for thetotal amount of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin in skin and muscle to reach therequired limit if Carassius auratus gibelio was orally administered withEnrofloxacin at a dose of 60 mg/kg.b.w each time. Therefore，some data supports were provided by this study for scientific use ofEnrofloxacin in carp breeding.

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