科研动态

为探讨不同接种途径对枫叶鸭病毒性肝炎（DVH）抗体的影响，选择非免疫种鸭所产的1日龄体质量均等的360只健康枫叶雏鸭（A组），平均分为4组（饮水组、滴口组、肌注组、对照组）；选择免疫种鸭所产的360只雏鸭（B组），也平均分为4组（饮水组、滴口组、肌注组、母源抗体监测组）。在雏鸭5日龄时，除对照组和母源抗体监测组外，对其他组雏鸭进行免疫接种，分别于免疫后5、10、15 d，用ELISA方法检测雏鸭抗体效价，并进行攻毒保护试验。结果显示：A组的肌注组平均抗体效价（0.588±0.018）>饮水组（0.560±0.015）>滴口组（0.541±0.009），雏鸭攻毒保护率依次为91.1%、85.6%、78.9%；B组的肌注组平均抗体效价（0.513±0.021）>饮水组（0.484±0.051）>滴口组（0.466±0.014），攻毒保护率依次为72.2%、66.7%、60.0%，均低于A组。结果表明：无论有无母源抗体干扰，肌内注射的免疫效果最好，其次是滴口，饮水的免疫效果较差；母源抗体可干扰疫苗的免疫效果。因此，需根据使用疫苗种类和实际情况，选择最合适、最有效的免疫途径，同时做好母源抗体监测，选择最佳免疫时间。本研究为鸭场免疫途径的选择提供了参考。

Effect of Different Vaccination Methods on

the Antibodies against Viral Hepatitis in Maple Duck 

In order to study the effect of different vaccination methods on the antibodies against viral hepatitis（DVH）in maple ducks，360 one-day-old healthy maple ducklings with equal weight（group A）born by unvaccinated ducks were divided into four groups on average：drinking water，oral drop，intramuscular injection and control group；360 ducklings born by vaccinated ducks（group B）were also equally divided into four groups on average：drinking water，oral drop，intramuscular injection and maternal antibody monitoring. Except the control group and maternal antibody monitoring group，all the ducklings were vaccinated when they were five days old，their antibody titers were detected by ELISA method at 5，10 and 15 days after vaccination，and the virus challenge test was carried out. The results showed that，for group A，the average antibody titers were as follows：the intramuscular injection group（0.588±0.018）>drinking water group（0.560±0.015）>oral drop group（0.541±0.009），and the protection rates were 91.1%，85.6% and 78.9% respectively；for group B，the average antibody titers were as follows：the intramuscular injection group（0.513±0.021）>drinking water group（0.484±0.051）>oral drop group（0.466±0.014），and the protection rates were 72.2%，66.7% and 60% respectively，all of which was lower than that of group A. In conclusion，the intramuscular injection received the best effect no matter whether there was maternal antibody interference or not，followed by oral drop，and the effect of drinking water was the poorest；The vaccine effect might be interfered by maternal antibody. Therefore，it was necessary to select the most appropriate and effective method according to the type of vaccines used and actual status，meanwhile，the maternal antibody should be monitored to select an appropriate vaccination time. This study would provide some reference for selection of vaccination method in duck farms.

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